Marguerita is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP), Chartered Retirement Planning Counselor (CRPC), Retirement Income Certified Professional (RICP), and a Chartered Socially Responsible Investing ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Andy Smith is a Certified Financial Planner ...

Covariance is a statistical measure of how two assets move in relation to each other. It provides diversification and reduces the overall volatility of a portfolio. A positive covariance indicates ...

The formula is motivated by some recent and some old developments in random matrix theory and a requirement that it be explicitly invariant under a change of basis of risk factors. It may naturally be ...