Outcome-dependent sampling designs are strategic methodologies in longitudinal research that prioritise the selection of study subjects based on observed outcomes. Rather than relying on random ...

The specific monitoring design (the choice of location and timing of sample collection) that best meets project objectives will depend on the type and scale of the project and the degree to which ...

In some applications it is cost efficient to sample data in two or more stages. In the first stage a simple random sample is drawn and then stratified according to some easily measured attribute. In ...

Survey research is an important form of scientific inquiry1 that merits rigorous design and analysis.2 The aim of a survey is to gather reliable and unbiased data from a representative sample of ...

In this paper we consider a family of sampling designs for which increasing first-order inclusion probabilities imply, in a specific sense, increasing conditional inclusion probabilities. It is proved ...

Sampling is a technique in which samples are drawn at random (without any favor or bias). For this, suitable measures or procedures may be laid down and adopted according to the nature and ...